Linux is an open-source, powerful and versatile operating system known for its command-line interface, which allows users to perform a wide range of tasks efficiency. Linux is available to users at no cost. An operating system is the software that directly manages a system's hardware and resources, like CPU, memory, and storage.
The main components of Linux operating system are:
Applications: Applications in the Linux architecture are software programs that run on top of the operating system and interact with its components.
Shell: In Linux, the shell is a command-line interface that allows users to interact with the system through a set of commands. The most popular shell in Linux is the Bash shell.
Kernel: The kernel is the central component of the Linux operating system architecture. It manages system resources and provides services to applications and processes running on the system.
Hardware: The lowest level of the Linux architecture is the hardware layer. This layer comprises the physical components of a computer, such as the hard drive, RAM, motherboard, CPU, network interfaces, and peripherals.
🚀Basic Part I Linux Commands
1.⚜️File Commands
Here are some basic file commands for file system commands that every Linux user should know
ls option_flag arguments #list the sub directories and files available in the present directory
ls -l #list the files and directories in long list format with extra information
ls -a #list all including hidden files and directory
ls *.sh #list all the files having .sh extension.
ls -i # list the files and directories with index numbers inodes
ls -d */ # list only directories.(we can also specify a pattern
2.⚜️Directory commands
Here are some Directory commands that every Linux user should know,
mkdir dirName # make a new directory 'dirName'
mkdir .Newdir # make a hidden directory (also . before a file to make it hidden)
mkdir A B C D #make multiple directories at the same time
mkdir /home/user/Mydir # make a new folder in a specific location
mkdir -p A/B/C/D # make a nested directory
pwd #This command will display the full path to the current directory.
cd path_to_directory #change directory to the provided path
cd ~ or just cd #change directory to the home directory
cd - # Go to the last working directory.
cd .. # change directory to one step back.
cd ../.. # Change directory to 2 levels back.
🎇Conclusion
In short, Linux has a bunch of useful commands and tools to handle files and directories. The ones we covered here are just a starting point, and whether you're new to Linux or a pro, these commands will be super handy for your everyday tasks in Linux.
😊Happy Learning : )